7.3 - Hypothesis Testing

Front

What is a null hypothesis (H₀)?

Back

A statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as the default or starting assumption in hypothesis testing.

Front

What is an alternative hypothesis (Hₐ)?

Back

A statement that indicates the presence of an effect or a difference, opposing the null hypothesis.

Front

How do you denote a one-tailed test for the alternative hypothesis?

Back

Hₐ: μ > k (right-tailed) or Hₐ: μ < k (left-tailed).

Front

What does it mean if a sample mean is in the critical region?

Back

It indicates that the null hypothesis can be rejected at the specified significance level.

Front

What is the significance level (alpha) in hypothesis testing?

Back

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true, commonly set at 0.05.

Front

What is a two-tailed test?

Back

A hypothesis test that checks for any significant difference from the null hypothesis, either greater than or less than.

Front

What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?

Back

To determine whether there is enough statistical evidence in a sample to infer that a certain condition holds for the entire population.

Front

What does it mean if the null and alternative hypotheses are the same?

Back

It is not valid; the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis must be mutually exclusive.

Front

What is a critical value in hypothesis testing?

Back

A threshold that determines the boundary for rejecting the null hypothesis.

Front

What is a Type I error?

Back

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.