Cell Cycle Review

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through from its formation to its division into two daughter cells. It includes interphase (G1, S, G2) and the mitotic phase (mitosis and cytokinesis).

Front

What happens to the number of chromosomes during the cell cycle?

Back

The number of chromosomes remains constant throughout the cell cycle; it does not change. However, during the S phase, DNA is replicated, resulting in two sister chromatids for each chromosome.

Front

What is interphase?

Back

Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis. It consists of three sub-phases: G1 (growth), S (synthesis), and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells. It consists of several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

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What is cancer in relation to the cell cycle?

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Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division, often due to mutations in genes that regulate the cell cycle.

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What are mitotic spindles?

Back

Mitotic spindles are structures made of microtubules that segregate chromosomes during cell division. They are essential for ensuring that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes.

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What role do centrioles play in cell division?

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Centrioles are cylindrical structures that help organize the mitotic spindle during cell division in animal cells. They are not present in plant cells.

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What is the significance of the G1 phase?

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The G1 phase is the first stage of interphase where the cell grows and carries out normal functions. It is also a checkpoint for the cell to assess whether conditions are favorable for DNA synthesis.

Front

What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?

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During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes, so each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids.

Front

What is the peak of a graph in relation to cell cycle data?

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The peak of a graph represents the maximum value of a variable, such as the highest number of cells in a particular phase of the cell cycle.