24-25 Psych Test (Learning)

Front

What type of learning did Ivan Pavlov's experiments with dogs help to uncover?

Back

classical conditioning

Front

In what way does classical conditioning benefit animals and humans?

Back

It helps them adapt to their environment and/or regulate previous fears.

Front

What conclusion did E. C. Tolman draw from his experiments with rats?

Back

that reinforcement is not always necessary for learning

Front

Which scenario is an example of negative reinforcement? A person who is hungry will work for food, Someone who becomes too warm in the sun moves into the shade, Children receive points for earning good grades and the points can be exchanged for snacks, Star athletes who do not achieve the required grades are removed from the team

Back

Someone who becomes too warm in the sun moves into the shade

Front

Which of the following terms is synonymous with 'mental picture'? Options: cognitive map, modeling, preview, none of the above

Back

cognitive map

Front

What type of stimulus promotes a behavior by fulfilling an organism's essential biological needs?

Back

primary reinforcer

Front

What is the term for a behavior modification strategy where an individual sets personal goals and establishes a reward system to promote desired behaviors?

Back

personal contract

Front

Which principle explains that behaviors leading to positive outcomes are more likely to be repeated, while those leading to negative outcomes are less likely to recur?

Back

Law of Effect

Front

What is the behavior modification technique that rewards individuals for appropriate actions?

Back

token economy

Front

Which type of learning involves modeling behavior?

Back

observational learning