Operations on Complex Numbers

Front

What is a complex number?

Back

A complex number is a number that can be expressed in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers, and i is the imaginary unit, defined as the square root of -1.

Front

What is the imaginary unit 'i'?

Back

The imaginary unit 'i' is defined as i = √(-1). It is used to represent the square root of negative numbers.

Front

How do you add complex numbers?

Back

To add complex numbers, combine the real parts and the imaginary parts separately. For example, (3 + 2i) + (1 + 4i) = (3 + 1) + (2i + 4i) = 4 + 6i.

Front

How do you subtract complex numbers?

Back

To subtract complex numbers, subtract the real parts and the imaginary parts separately. For example, (5 + 3i) - (2 + 1i) = (5 - 2) + (3i - 1i) = 3 + 2i.

Front

How do you multiply complex numbers?

Back

To multiply complex numbers, use the distributive property (FOIL). For example, (2 + 3i)(1 + 4i) = 2*1 + 2*4i + 3i*1 + 3i*4i = 2 + 8i + 3i - 12 = -10 + 11i.

Front

What is the conjugate of a complex number?

Back

The conjugate of a complex number a + bi is a - bi. It is used to simplify division of complex numbers.

Front

How do you divide complex numbers?

Back

To divide complex numbers, multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator. For example, (3 + 2i) / (1 + 4i) = (3 + 2i)(1 - 4i) / (1 + 4i)(1 - 4i).

Front

What is the modulus of a complex number?

Back

The modulus of a complex number a + bi is given by |a + bi| = √(a² + b²). It represents the distance from the origin in the complex plane.

Front

What is the argument of a complex number?

Back

The argument of a complex number a + bi is the angle θ formed with the positive x-axis, calculated as θ = arctan(b/a).

Front

What is the polar form of a complex number?

Back

The polar form of a complex number is expressed as r(cos θ + i sin θ), where r is the modulus and θ is the argument.