Gene Mutations

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What is a point mutation?

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A point mutation is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide base is replaced by another nucleotide base in the DNA sequence.

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What is a substitution mutation?

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A substitution mutation is a specific type of point mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, potentially altering one amino acid in a protein.

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Are mutations always harmful to organisms?

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No, mutations can be helpful, harmful, or neutral to the organism.

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What is genetic diversity?

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Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genetic characteristics within a population, which can be increased by mutations.

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What is a frameshift mutation?

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A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.

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What is an insertion mutation?

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An insertion mutation is a type of frameshift mutation where one or more nucleotide bases are added to the DNA sequence.

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What is a deletion mutation?

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A deletion mutation is a type of frameshift mutation where one or more nucleotide bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

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What is a chromosomal mutation?

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A chromosomal mutation involves changes in the structure or number of chromosomes, which can affect many genes.

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What is a translocation mutation?

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A translocation mutation occurs when a segment of DNA is moved from one location to another within the genome.

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What is a point mutation's effect on proteins?

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Point mutations can affect proteins by changing one amino acid, which may alter the protein's function.