Unit 1 Review Flashcard

Front

What is the primary role of proteins in a cell?

Back

Proteins catalyze chemical reactions and serve various functions including structural support, transport, and signaling.

Front

What is the primary role of lipids in a cell?

Back

Lipids facilitate molecule transport in and out of the cell and serve as energy storage.

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Active transport requires ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require ATP and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Back

The organization of genetic material; prokaryotic cells have circular DNA without a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have linear DNA within a nucleus.

Front

What is a common feature of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Both types of cells have genetic material (DNA) and a cell membrane.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, providing protection and structural support.

Front

What is ATP and its role in cellular processes?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of the cell, providing energy for active transport and other cellular functions.

Front

What is the significance of the cytoplasm in a cell?

Back

The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes.

Front

What are membrane-bound organelles?

Back

Membrane-bound organelles are specialized structures within eukaryotic cells, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, that perform specific functions.

Front

What is the role of flagella in cells?

Back

Flagella are long, whip-like structures that aid in cell movement and locomotion.