Adding, Subtracting, Multiplying, and Dividing Fractions

A fraction represents a part of a whole and consists of a numerator (top number) and a denominator (bottom number).

To add fractions with different denominators, find a common denominator, convert the fractions, and then add the numerators.

To subtract fractions, ensure they have a common denominator, then subtract the numerators and keep the denominator the same.

To multiply fractions, multiply the numerators together and the denominators together. Simplify if possible.

To divide fractions, multiply by the reciprocal of the second fraction (flip it) and then simplify.

A common denominator is a shared multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions, used to add or subtract them.

The least common multiple is the smallest multiple that two or more numbers share, often used to find a common denominator.

To simplify a fraction, divide the numerator and the denominator by their greatest common factor (GCF).

An improper fraction is a fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator.

A mixed number is a whole number combined with a proper fraction, such as 1 1/2.