AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 3.5*: Photosynthesis

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Back

The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle).

Front

Where do light-dependent reactions occur?

Back

Light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.

Front

What is the primary function of the light-dependent reactions?

Back

The primary function of the light-dependent reactions is to convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

Front

What is the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The Calvin Cycle is a series of biochemical reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts, where carbon dioxide is fixed into glucose using ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions.

Front

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is a pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths, and plays a crucial role in converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What is the significance of the thylakoid space in photosynthesis?

Back

The thylakoid space is where hydrogen ions are pumped during the light-dependent reactions, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

Front

What is the end product of the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The end product of the Calvin Cycle is glucose, which can be used by the plant for energy or stored as starch.

Front

How does carbon dioxide enter the plant?

Back

Carbon dioxide enters the plant through small openings called stomata, located on the leaves.

Front

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

Back

Water provides electrons and protons for the light-dependent reactions and is split into oxygen, which is released as a byproduct.