DNA & Protein Synthesis Vocab

Front

What is the site of protein synthesis in living cells?

Back

Ribosomes are organelles found in the cytoplasm of living cells that serve as the site of protein synthesis.

Front

What are three adjacent nucleotides in tRNA that bind to a codon in mRNA?

Back

Anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the basic unit of DNA and RNA composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nucleic acid?

Back

Nucleotide is the basic unit or building block of DNA and RNA.

Front

What type of nucleic acid transports a specific amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports a specific amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

Which nucleic acid pairs with Thymine in DNA and Uracil in RNA?

Back

Adenine is a nucleic acid that pairs with Thymine in DNA and pairs with Uracil in RNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in cells?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for translating mRNA into proteins by linking amino acids together.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains Thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains Uracil instead of Thymine.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.