Central Dogma

Front

What is the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology?

Back

The Central Dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, outlining the processes of transcription and translation.

Front

Define transcription in the context of the Central Dogma.

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template, where the DNA sequence is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What is translation in the context of the Central Dogma?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that is complementary to a corresponding codon in mRNA.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the significance of the P site in ribosomes?

Back

The P site (peptidyl site) is where the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain is located during translation.

Front

What is the significance of the A site in ribosomes?

Back

The A site (aminoacyl site) is where the tRNA carrying the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain binds during translation.

Front

What is the E site in ribosomes?

Back

The E site (exit site) is where tRNA, after donating its amino acid, exits the ribosome.

Front

How does the DNA sequence 3' TAC GTT ACT 5' translate to mRNA?

Back

The corresponding mRNA strand is 5' AUG CAA UGA 3'.