Solutions & Solubility

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What is a solution?

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A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances, where one substance (solute) is dissolved in another (solvent). Example: coffee is a solution of coffee grounds in water.

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What is a solute?

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A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. Example: Kool Aid powder is a solute when mixed with water.

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What is a solvent?

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A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution. Example: water is a common solvent.

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What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated solution?

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A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature, while an unsaturated solution can still dissolve more solute.

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What is a supersaturated solution?

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A supersaturated solution holds more solute than it can normally dissolve at a given temperature, often achieved by heating and then cooling the solution.

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What factors affect solubility?

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Factors affecting solubility include temperature, pressure (for gases), surface area of the solute, and agitation (stirring).

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How does temperature affect solubility?

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Generally, increasing temperature increases the solubility of solids in liquids, while the solubility of gases decreases with increasing temperature.

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What happens when you add more solvent to a saturated solution?

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Adding more solvent to a saturated solution can increase the solubility of the solute, allowing more solute to dissolve.

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What is the role of agitation in solubility?

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Agitation (stirring) increases the rate of solubility by distributing solute particles throughout the solvent more quickly.

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What is an example of a solution?

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An example of a solution is saltwater, where salt (solute) is dissolved in water (solvent).