Microbiology Exam 1 Flashcard

Front

What is the structure of DNA found in most bacterial cells?

Back

The DNA found in most bacterial cells is circular in structure.

Front

What is the charge of an electron?

Back

The electron is a subatomic particle of an atom that has a negative electric charge.

Front

What factors can affect the speed of enzyme activity?

Back

Factors that can affect the speed of enzymes include pH, concentration of substrate, temperature, and the presence or absence of regulators (inhibitors or activators).

Front

What is the electron orbital configuration for a sodium ion (Na+)?

Back

The electron orbital configuration for Na+ is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.

Front

What does the Endosymbiotic Theory propose?

Back

The Endosymbiotic Theory proposes that eukaryotic organisms evolved from prokaryotic organisms.

Front

Define prokaryotic cells.

Back

Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Front

What are eukaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells are organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biological systems.

Front

Explain the significance of pH in enzyme activity.

Back

pH affects the ionization of the enzyme and substrate, influencing the enzyme's shape and activity.

Front

What is the function of histones in DNA packaging?

Back

Histones are proteins that help package DNA into a compact, organized structure called chromatin.