Landmark Cases

Front

1896 (7-1 decision) Supreme Court decision upheld "separate but equal" segregation laws in states.

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Plessy V Furgeson

Front

1954 (9-0 decision) Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated.

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Brown Vs Board of Education

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1966 (5-4 decision) court decision that states the accused must be advised of their rights before being questioned by police.

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Miranda Vs. Arizona

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1985 (6-3 decision) that states school officials do not need a warrant to justify a search; only required to have a "reasonable suspicion" that a student has violated school rules in order to search that student.

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T.L.O. Vs. New Jersey

Front

The Supreme Court has the ability to judge the constitutionality of all laws and executive actions.

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Judicial Review

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No search and seizure of people, property, or homes unless a warrant is issued with probable cause.

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Amendment 4

Front

What was the Constitutional Principle established in Marbury v. Madison?

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Judicial Review

Front

Which court case stated that students do not "shed their constitutional rights at the school house gates."?

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Tinker v Des Moines

Front

A dispute flowing from Tennessee's lack of redrawing district lines to keep up with population changes in that state, this case involves the Equal Protection clause of the 14th amendment. The SCOTUS ruled that redistricting cases were within jurisdiction, making them "justiciable". This case leads to later rulings requiring a "one man equals one vote" expectation in the country.

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Baker v. Carr (1961)

Front

A Freedom of Speech case, with a new SCOTUS standard/precedent claiming that words present a "clear and present danger" of criminal action can be punished by law. A man claiming "free speech" protection for telling others to avoid the draft loses and his conviction stands.

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Schenck v. US. (1919)