AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 3.5: Photosynthesis

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Back

The two main stages of photosynthesis are the Light Reactions and the Calvin Cycle.

Front

Where do the Light Reactions of photosynthesis occur?

Back

The Light Reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.

Front

What is the primary function of the Light Reactions?

Back

The primary function of the Light Reactions is to convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.

Front

What is produced during the Light Reactions?

Back

The Light Reactions produce ATP, NADPH, and oxygen as a byproduct.

Front

What is the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The Calvin Cycle is the set of chemical reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts, where carbon dioxide is fixed and converted into glucose.

Front

What is G3P and why is it important?

Back

G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) is a three-carbon sugar produced in the Calvin Cycle; it is a precursor for glucose and other carbohydrates.

Front

What role do hydrogen ions play in photosynthesis?

Back

Hydrogen ions (H+) are pumped into the thylakoid space during the Light Reactions, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

Front

What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis?

Back

NADPH serves as a reducing agent in the Calvin Cycle, providing the electrons needed to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Front

What is RuBP and its function in the Calvin Cycle?

Back

RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate) is a five-carbon sugar that combines with carbon dioxide in the Calvin Cycle to initiate the process of carbon fixation.