DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, resulting in two identical DNA molecules.

Front

Why is DNA replication described as semi-conservative?

Back

Because each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What is the role of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

The building blocks of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the function of Primase in DNA replication?

Back

Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer that provides a starting point for DNA synthesis.

Front

What is the role of Ligase in DNA replication?

Back

Ligase is the enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand, sealing nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Back

DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.

Front

What is the significance of origins of replication?

Back

Origins of replication are specific locations on the DNA where replication begins, allowing for efficient copying of the entire genome.

Front

How many origins of replication are typically found in eukaryotic DNA?

Back

Eukaryotic DNA can have multiple origins of replication, allowing for faster replication of large genomes.