DNA Replication-PRACTICE 1

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogen base.

Front

What are the three main components of a nucleotide?

Back

1. Phosphate group 2. Sugar (deoxyribose in DNA) 3. Nitrogen base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine)

Front

What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA helicase unwinds the original DNA strand, separating the two strands to allow replication to occur.

Front

What is the function of RNA primase during DNA replication?

Back

RNA primase lays down an RNA primer that provides a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin adding new nucleotide bases.

Front

What does DNA polymerase do during replication?

Back

DNA polymerase builds new strands of DNA by adding new nucleotide bases complementary to the template strand.

Front

What does it mean that DNA strands are antiparallel?

Back

Antiparallel means that the two strands of DNA run in opposite directions; one strand runs 5' to 3' and the other runs 3' to 5'.

Front

What are the sides of the DNA ladder made of?

Back

The sides of the DNA ladder are made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.

Front

What are the rungs of the DNA ladder made of?

Back

The rungs of the DNA ladder are made of pairs of nitrogen bases (adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine).

Front

Why is DNA replication important?

Back

DNA replication is important to create an identical copy of DNA for new cells during cell division.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of DNA?

Back

The 5' and 3' ends indicate the directionality of the DNA strand, which is crucial for the enzymes that replicate DNA.