Biology Keystone Practice - Module 1

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are a group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include fats, oils, and waxes, and are important for energy storage, insulation, and cellular structure.

Front

What are nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids are macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information. The two main types are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are expelled from the cell through vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

Front

What is the optimal pH range for lipase activity?

Back

The optimal pH range for lipase activity is between 4.0 and 5.0.

Front

What effect does an increase in pH have on lipase activity?

Back

An increase in pH, such as from taking an antacid, can reduce lipase activity, leading to fewer lipids being digested.

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are made of long chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

What is a polymer?

Back

A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating structural units (monomers) connected by covalent chemical bonds.

Front

What is the specificity of enzyme-substrate binding?

Back

Enzymes are specific to their substrates, meaning that each enzyme only catalyzes a specific reaction with a particular substrate.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically along a concentration gradient.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances across the cell membrane.