Unit 3 AP Biology Insta-Review (Cellular Energetics)

Front

What is the role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction?

Back

Enzymes increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Back

The two main stages of photosynthesis are the Light Reactions and the Calvin Cycle.

Front

What is produced during the Light Reactions of photosynthesis?

Back

The Light Reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are used in the Calvin Cycle.

Front

What is the main product of the Calvin Cycle?

Back

The main product of the Calvin Cycle is G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate), which can be used to form glucose.

Front

Where does the Calvin Cycle take place?

Back

The Calvin Cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplasts.

Front

What is the function of NADPH in photosynthesis?

Back

NADPH serves as a reducing agent, providing high-energy electrons for the Calvin Cycle.

Front

What is the electron transport chain?

Back

The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons and pump protons to create a proton gradient.

Front

What is chemiosmosis?

Back

Chemiosmosis is the process by which ATP is produced using the energy from the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain.

Front

What is the significance of the intermembrane space in mitochondria?

Back

The intermembrane space has a high concentration of protons, which is essential for ATP synthesis during chemiosmosis.

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH.