Review for Flashcard 4, Semester 1

Front

What are significant digits?

Back

Significant digits (or significant figures) are the digits in a number that contribute to its precision. This includes all non-zero digits, any zeros between significant digits, and trailing zeros in the decimal portion.

Front

How do you determine the number of significant digits in a calculation?

Back

In multiplication and division, the result should have the same number of significant digits as the measurement with the least significant digits. In addition, when adding or subtracting, the result should be rounded to the least precise decimal place.

Front

What is an intensive property?

Back

An intensive property is a property that does not depend on the amount of substance present. Examples include density, boiling point, and color.

Front

What is an extensive property?

Back

An extensive property is a property that depends on the amount of substance present. Examples include mass, volume, and total energy.

Front

What is uncertainty in measurements?

Back

Uncertainty is the doubt that exists about the result of any measurement. It is often expressed as a range or a margin of error.

Front

How do you convert Kelvin to Celsius?

Back

To convert Kelvin to Celsius, subtract 273.15 from the Kelvin temperature. Formula: C = K - 273.15.

Front

What is the formula for density?

Back

Density (ρ) is defined as mass (m) divided by volume (V). Formula: ρ = m/V.

Front

How do you calculate mass from density and volume?

Back

To calculate mass, use the formula: mass (m) = density (ρ) × volume (V).

Front

What is the significance of the balance's uncertainty?

Back

The uncertainty of a balance indicates the smallest increment that can be measured accurately, affecting the precision of the mass measurement.

Front

What is the relationship between mass and volume for a substance?

Back

The relationship is defined by the substance's density. For a given mass, if the volume increases, the density decreases, and vice versa.