AP Bio Unit 3: energy, enzymes, photo., cell resp.

Front

What is the proton-motive force?

Back

The proton-motive force is the force that promotes the movement of protons across a membrane, generated by the electron transport chain during cellular respiration.

Front

What happens when ADP is phosphorylated?

Back

When ADP is phosphorylated, it is converted into ATP, which is the energy currency of the cell.

Front

Why does the reaction rate plateau at high reactant concentrations?

Back

The reaction rate plateaus because most enzyme molecules are occupied by substrate, limiting the rate of reaction.

Front

What is chemiosmosis in mitochondria?

Back

Chemiosmosis in mitochondria refers to the movement of protons from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space, creating a proton gradient.

Front

What is the role of chloroplasts in chemiosmosis?

Back

In chloroplasts, chemiosmosis moves protons from the stroma to the thylakoid space, contributing to ATP synthesis during photosynthesis.

Front

Do plants undergo both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Back

True, plants perform photosynthesis to produce glucose and oxygen, and they undergo cellular respiration to convert glucose into usable energy.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What is feedback inhibition?

Back

Feedback inhibition is a regulatory mechanism where the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme involved in its production, preventing overproduction.

Front

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Back

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces more ATP, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces less ATP.

Front

What is the significance of the electron transport chain?

Back

The electron transport chain is crucial for ATP production, as it transfers electrons through a series of proteins, creating a proton gradient used in chemiosmosis.