Protein Synthesis and Mutations

Front

What is mRNA (messenger RNA)?

Back

mRNA is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein.

Front

Where does translation occur in the cell?

Back

Translation occurs in the ribosome.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein synthesis.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide base is replaced by another in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the role of tRNA (transfer RNA)?

Back

tRNA is responsible for bringing the correct amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from amino acids.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.