Periodic Trends

Front

What are periodic trends?

Back

Periodic trends refer to the patterns and variations in the properties of elements across different periods and groups in the periodic table, such as atomic radius, electronegativity, and ionization energy.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons towards itself. It is a key factor in determining how atoms bond with each other.

Front

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

Back

Fluorine has the highest electronegativity of all elements.

Front

What is atomic radius?

Back

Atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons. It generally increases down a group and decreases across a period.

Front

How does atomic radius change across a period?

Back

Atomic radius decreases across a period from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge, which pulls electrons closer to the nucleus.

Front

How does atomic radius change down a group?

Back

Atomic radius increases down a group because additional electron shells are added, which outweighs the increase in nuclear charge.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state. It generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

Front

How does ionization energy change across a period?

Back

Ionization energy increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge, which makes it harder to remove an electron.

Front

How does ionization energy change down a group?

Back

Ionization energy decreases down a group because the outer electrons are further from the nucleus and are shielded by inner electrons.

Front

What is the trend of electronegativity in the periodic table?

Back

Electronegativity increases across a period and decreases down a group.