FLASHCARD Review Chapters 3-4: Cells and Cell Processes

Front

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Back

Lysosomes are important for breaking down debris, old cell parts, and pathogens.

Front

Describe the structure of the cell membrane.

Back

The cell membrane is a double layer of phospholipids with water-loving hydrophilic heads and water-fearing hydrophobic tails.

Front

What role does the nucleus play in a cell?

Back

The nucleus directs and controls which proteins are made in the cell and when.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes synthesize proteins from amino acids that can be used for various functions.

Front

Which organelle is responsible for storage and transport in a cell?

Back

Vesicles and vacuoles function in storage and transport.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria convert energy in the bonds of glucose to the form of energy our cells can use (ATP).

Front

Define the term 'phospholipid bilayer'.

Back

A phospholipid bilayer is a double layer of phospholipids that makes up the cell membrane, with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.

Front

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins and lipids, and transports them within the cell.

Front

Explain the function of the Golgi apparatus.

Back

The Golgi apparatus refines, packages, and transports proteins for secretion.

Front

What are peroxisomes and their function?

Back

Peroxisomes are organelles that contain enzymes for breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying harmful substances.