Forensics DNA Analysis

Front

What is the purpose of using a buffer solution in electrophoresis?

Back

A buffer solution is used instead of water because it allows for charges to run smoothly through the gel, attracting the DNA fragments to the positive charge at the end of the chamber.

Front

What are restriction enzymes used for in DNA fingerprinting?

Back

Restriction enzymes are used to cut STR bands, which are units of bases that are typically two to five bases long and repeat multiple times, making them easily recognizable.

Front

What is the first step in DNA extraction from biological evidence?

Back

Cells are extracted from biological evidence and disrupted (centrifuged) to release the DNA from proteins and other cell components.

Front

Why is it important to check for bubbles in the electrophoresis chamber?

Back

Bubbles indicate that there is an electric current running through the chamber.

Front

What is the role of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) in DNA analysis?

Back

PCR is used to amplify small segments of DNA, making it easier to analyze.

Front

What is gel electrophoresis?

Back

Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size by applying an electric current.

Front

What are STRs in the context of DNA analysis?

Back

STRs (Short Tandem Repeats) are repeating sequences of 2 to 5 base pairs in DNA that are used in DNA profiling.

Front

How do restriction enzymes recognize specific DNA sequences?

Back

Restriction enzymes recognize specific sequences of nucleotides in DNA and cut the DNA at those sites.

Front

What is the significance of DNA extraction in forensic science?

Back

DNA extraction is crucial for obtaining DNA from biological samples for analysis and comparison.

Front

What is the function of the electrophoresis gel?

Back

The gel acts as a medium through which DNA fragments can migrate when an electric current is applied.