Chemistry: Periodic Groups and Trends

Front

What is the periodic table?

Back

A tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized by increasing atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.

Front

What are groups in the periodic table?

Back

Vertical columns in the periodic table that contain elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.

Front

What are periods in the periodic table?

Back

Horizontal rows in the periodic table that indicate the number of electron shells in the elements.

Front

What is atomic number?

Back

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.

Front

What is a valence electron?

Back

An electron in the outermost shell of an atom that can participate in chemical bonding.

Front

What is the trend of atomic radius in the periodic table?

Back

Atomic radius increases down a group and decreases across a period from left to right.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.

Front

What are transition metals?

Back

Elements found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table, known for their ability to form variable oxidation states and colored compounds.

Front

What is electron shielding?

Back

When valence electrons are blocked from feeling the positive nucleus by inner electrons.