Final Exam Prep S22: 2.1.A.1 Electron Configuration and PES

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

How do you determine the number of valence electrons for an element?

Back

The number of valence electrons can be determined from the group number of the element in the periodic table.

Front

What is the significance of the PES (Photoelectron Spectroscopy) spectrum?

Back

PES provides information about the energy levels of electrons in an atom and helps determine the electron configuration.

Front

What does the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p¹ represent?

Back

This electron configuration represents the element Aluminum (Al), which has 13 electrons.

Front

What happens to atomic size as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Back

Atomic size increases because additional energy levels are added, making the atom larger.

Front

What is the electron configuration for Zinc?

Back

The electron configuration for Zinc (Zn) is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰.

Front

What is the relationship between the number of protons and the atomic number?

Back

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.

Front

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the s, p, d, and f orbitals?

Back

s can hold 2, p can hold 6, d can hold 10, and f can hold 14 electrons.

Front

What is the Aufbau principle?

Back

The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher energy levels.

Front

What is Hund's rule?

Back

Hund's rule states that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up.