Standard 12.3

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The transformation is a Vertical Compression.

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It is translated 4 units down.

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Define a vertical stretch in the context of exponential functions.

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A vertical stretch occurs when the function is multiplied by a factor greater than 1, making it grow faster.

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What does a vertical compression mean for an exponential function?

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A vertical compression occurs when the function is multiplied by a factor between 0 and 1, making it grow slower.

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What is the effect of subtracting a constant from an exponential function?

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It translates the graph downward by that constant value.

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What is the effect of adding a constant to an exponential function?

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It translates the graph upward by that constant value.

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What is the general form of an exponential function?

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