NY Regents DNA replication

A-T and G-C are the complementary base pairs in DNA.

DNA Helicase unzips the DNA strands to prepare for replication.

DNA Polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the growing chain.

A DNA nucleotide is made up of a nitrogenous base, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group.

The result of DNA replication is two identical double-stranded DNA molecules.

The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments called Okazaki fragments.

The 5' end has a phosphate group, and the 3' end has a hydroxyl group, which determines the direction of DNA synthesis.

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein function.

Free nucleotides pair with the exposed bases on the unwound DNA strands to form new strands.

RNA primers provide a starting point for DNA Polymerase to begin synthesis.