2.1.1 Punnett Squares

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What does the term 'genotype' refer to?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the alleles it possesses for a particular trait.

Front

What does the term 'phenotype' refer to?

Back

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, which result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes?

Back

Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles for a trait (e.g., AA or aa), while heterozygous genotypes have two different alleles (e.g., Aa).

Front

In a heterozygous genotype, which allele is expressed in the phenotype?

Back

The dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present (homozygous recessive).

Front

If T = tall and t = short, what is the phenotype of a Tt genotype?

Back

The phenotype of a Tt genotype is tall, because the dominant allele T is expressed.

Front

What does it mean for an allele to be represented by a capital letter?

Back

A capital letter represents a dominant allele in genetic notation.

Front

What does it mean for an allele to be represented by a lowercase letter?

Back

A lowercase letter represents a recessive allele in genetic notation.