Cycle 3 Mid-cycle Assessment Review

Front

What is crossing over in genetics?

Back

Crossing over is the process during meiosis where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, leading to genetic variation in offspring.

Front

Define heterozygous.

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a specific gene, such as Aa.

Front

What is the expected percentage of offspring that are homozygous for at least one gene when both parents are heterozygous for two traits?

Back

75% of the offspring would be homozygous for at least one of the genes.

Front

What is the genotype of a carrier for an autosomal recessive disorder?

Back

The genotype of a carrier is Aa, where 'A' is the dominant unaffected allele and 'a' is the recessive allele.

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be recessive?

Back

A recessive trait is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present (aa).

Front

What is the genotype of an individual that is heterozygous for both orange fur (A) and long tail (B) in cats?

Back

The genotype is AaBb.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics.

Front

What is the principle of independent assortment?

Back

The principle of independent assortment states that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.