Chemistry Unit 4 Review

Front

What are the HONC rules?

Back

The HONC rules are guidelines that help predict the bonding behavior of atoms based on their valence electrons: Hydrogen (H) bonds once, Oxygen (O) bonds twice, Nitrogen (N) bonds three times, and Carbon (C) bonds four times.

Front

How many bonds does oxygen typically form according to the HONC rules?

Back

Oxygen typically forms two bonds and has two lone pairs.

Front

What types of atoms participate in a covalent bond?

Back

Covalent bonds are formed between two nonmetals.

Front

What is the shape of a molecule with a trigonal planar geometry?

Back

A trigonal planar geometry has three atoms bonded to a central atom, all in the same plane, with bond angles of 120 degrees.

Front

What is the shape of SiCl4?

Back

SiCl4 has a tetrahedral shape.

Front

What is the bond angle in a tetrahedral molecule?

Back

The bond angle in a tetrahedral molecule is approximately 109.5 degrees.

Front

What is a lone pair of electrons?

Back

A lone pair of electrons is a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom and are not involved in bonding.

Front

What is the difference between a polar and nonpolar covalent bond?

Back

A polar covalent bond occurs when electrons are shared unequally between two atoms, while a nonpolar covalent bond occurs when electrons are shared equally.

Front

What is the VSEPR theory?

Back

The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory predicts the shape of molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs around a central atom.

Front

What is the molecular shape of water (H2O)?

Back

Water (H2O) has a bent molecular shape due to the two lone pairs on the oxygen atom.