Covalent Molecules Review

Front

What are covalent molecules?

Back

Covalent molecules are compounds formed when two or more nonmetals share electrons to achieve a full outer shell, resulting in a stable electronic configuration.

Front

What is a polar molecule?

Back

A polar molecule is a molecule that has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds, where the distribution of electrons is uneven, leading to partial positive and negative charges.

Front

What is a nonpolar molecule?

Back

A nonpolar molecule is a molecule that does not have a net dipole moment, meaning the electron distribution is even, and there are no charged ends.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.

Front

Which type of bond is formed between two nonmetals?

Back

Covalent bond.

Front

What is a molecular solid?

Back

A molecular solid is a type of solid where molecules are held together by intermolecular forces, such as van der Waals forces, rather than ionic or covalent bonds.

Front

What is the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Back

Polar covalent bonds occur when electrons are shared unequally between atoms, while nonpolar covalent bonds occur when electrons are shared equally.

Front

What is a dipole moment?

Back

A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule, indicating its polarity.

Front

What is the significance of the shape of a molecule in determining its polarity?

Back

The shape of a molecule affects how the dipole moments of its bonds add up; if the dipole moments do not cancel out, the molecule is polar.

Front

What is the general rule for predicting molecular polarity based on electronegativity differences?

Back

If the difference in electronegativity between two bonded atoms is greater than 0.4, the bond is generally considered polar.