U6 Genetics

Front

What is the definition of genotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the alleles it possesses for a particular trait.

Front

What is the definition of phenotype?

Back

Phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What does it mean if an allele is dominant?

Back

A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

Front

What does it mean if an allele is recessive?

Back

A recessive allele only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

Front

What is homozygous?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., BB or bb).

Front

What is heterozygous?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Bb).

Front

What is the significance of Punnett squares in genetics?

Back

Punnett squares are used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio for a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents?

Back

The expected phenotype ratio is 3:1, with three showing the dominant trait and one showing the recessive trait.

Front

What is the expected genotype ratio for a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents?

Back

The expected genotype ratio is 1:2:1, with one homozygous dominant, two heterozygous, and one homozygous recessive.

Front

What is an allele?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.