Unit 5: Central Dogma of Genetics

Front

What is the Central Dogma of Genetics?

Back

The Central Dogma of Genetics describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, outlining the processes of transcription and translation.

Front

What is the role of DNA in cells?

Back

DNA stores genetic information that is essential for the growth, development, and functioning of living organisms.

Front

What sugar is found in RNA?

Back

Ribose is the sugar found in RNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What does the term 'transcription' refer to?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What does the term 'translation' refer to?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA.

Front

What is a stop codon?

Back

A stop codon is a nucleotide triplet within mRNA that signals the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What are the four bases of DNA?

Back

The four bases of DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What are the four bases of RNA?

Back

The four bases of RNA are adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).