Exploring Mendel's Inheritance Laws

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What is the Law of Independent Assortment?

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The Law of Independent Assortment states that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another, leading to genetic variation.

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How does the Law of Independent Assortment contribute to genetic variation?

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It allows for different combinations of alleles to be passed to offspring.

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What is a dominant trait?

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A dominant trait is a genetic trait that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

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What is a recessive trait?

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A recessive trait is a genetic trait that is expressed in the phenotype only when two copies of the allele are present.

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How can you determine if a trait is dominant or recessive?

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By observing the trait in the offspring and comparing it to the parents.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles inherited from the parents.

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In a dihybrid cross, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

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The expected phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1.

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What does a Punnett square illustrate?

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A Punnett square is a diagram that predicts the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

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What is the significance of Mendel's experiments with pea plants?

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Mendel's experiments established the foundational principles of inheritance, including the concepts of dominant and recessive traits.