Biology Flashcard 11.1-11.2: The Process of Cell Division

Front

What are chromosomes?

Back

Condensed, threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes passed from generation to generation.

Front

What stage of cell division is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?

Back

Anaphase.

Front

What type of cells does mitosis create after division is complete?

Back

Identical cells.

Front

What is Gap 1 (G1) in the cell cycle?

Back

The first stage of interphase in which a cell is growing, carrying out normal cell functions, and preparing to replicate DNA.

Front

What is the centromere?

Back

Structure at the center of the chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached; ensures a complete copy of the replicated DNA will become part of the daughter cells.

Front

What is the purpose of mitosis?

Back

To create two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell.

Front

What happens during interphase?

Back

The cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division.

Front

What is cytokinesis?

Back

The process that divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.

Front

What is the spindle apparatus?

Back

A structure made of microtubules that helps separate the chromosomes during cell division.

Front

What occurs during prophase?

Back

Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.