AP Biology: Unit 3 Review (CED)

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

Glycolysis is the metabolic process that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH. It occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen.

Front

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

Back

The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts, where it uses ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to convert CO2 into glucose.

Front

What are the products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Back

The light-dependent reactions produce ATP and NADPH, which are used in the Calvin cycle to synthesize glucose.

Front

What is the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors?

Back

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of an enzyme, preventing substrate binding, while noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a different site, altering enzyme function without blocking the active site.

Front

What is oxidation in biological terms?

Back

Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons from a molecule, often associated with the release of energy.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various biochemical reactions.

Front

What is the function of NADPH in photosynthesis?

Back

NADPH is a reducing agent that provides the electrons needed for the reduction of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle.

Front

What is aerobic respiration?

Back

Aerobic respiration is the process of producing cellular energy in the presence of oxygen, involving glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

Front

What is the Krebs cycle?

Back

The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.

Front

What is the significance of the thylakoid membrane?

Back

The thylakoid membrane is where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur, housing the chlorophyll and other pigments that capture light energy.