Thermal Equilibrium (7.8B)

Front

What is thermal equilibrium?

Back

Thermal equilibrium is the state in which two objects in contact with each other reach the same temperature, resulting in no net heat transfer between them.

Front

How does heat transfer occur between two objects?

Back

Heat transfers from the object with a higher temperature to the object with a lower temperature until thermal equilibrium is reached.

Front

What happens to the temperature of a cold object when placed in a warmer environment?

Back

The temperature of the cold object will increase until it matches the temperature of the surrounding environment.

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, where faster-moving particles transfer energy to slower-moving particles.

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, which can occur in a vacuum.

Front

What happens to the particles in a substance when it is heated?

Back

When a substance is heated, its particles gain energy, move faster, and usually spread apart, causing the substance to expand.

Front

What is the role of a thermometer in measuring temperature?

Back

A thermometer measures temperature by using a liquid that expands when heated and contracts when cooled, indicating the temperature on a scale.

Front

What is the significance of the melting point of ice?

Back

The melting point of ice (0°C) is the temperature at which ice changes from solid to liquid, indicating a phase change.

Front

What is the boiling point of water?

Back

The boiling point of water is 100°C at standard atmospheric pressure, where water changes from liquid to gas.