DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, resulting in two identical DNA molecules.

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What is the role of DNA Polymerase in DNA replication?

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DNA Polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand and checking for errors during replication.

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What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix, preparing them for replication.

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What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

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What is the leading strand in DNA replication?

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The leading strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

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What is the lagging strand in DNA replication?

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The lagging strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized discontinuously in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction of the replication fork.

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What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

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Primase is the enzyme that synthesizes a short RNA primer to provide a starting point for DNA Polymerase to begin DNA synthesis.

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What is the significance of the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication?

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The semi-conservative nature of DNA replication means that each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand, ensuring genetic continuity.

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What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

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Ligase is the enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand by forming phosphodiester bonds between them.

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What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.