Core vs Valence Electrons & Coulomb's Law

Front

What are core electrons?

Back

Core electrons are the electrons in an atom that are not involved in chemical bonding. They are located in the inner shells of the atom.

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that can participate in chemical bonding.

Front

How many core and valence electrons does a neutral atom of carbon have?

Back

Carbon has 2 core electrons and 4 valence electrons.

Front

How many core and valence electrons does a neutral atom of sodium have?

Back

Sodium has 10 core electrons and 1 valence electron.

Front

What is Coulomb's Law?

Back

Coulomb's Law describes the force between two charged particles. It states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Front

If two particles have charges of +2 and -2, what is the nature of the force between them?

Back

The force between them is attractive because they have opposite charges.

Front

What happens to the force between two charged particles if the distance between them is doubled?

Back

The force decreases to one-fourth of its original value because it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

Front

How many core and valence electrons does a neutral atom of oxygen have?

Back

Oxygen has 2 core electrons and 6 valence electrons.

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons in chemical reactions?

Back

Valence electrons determine how an atom can bond with other atoms, influencing the formation of molecules.

Front

If the attraction between two particles is 10, what could it be if they are moved further apart?

Back

The attraction could decrease to a value less than 10, such as 5.