Pure Substances & Mixtures

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What is a pure substance?

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A pure substance is a material that has a constant composition and consistent properties throughout. Examples include elements and compounds.

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What is a mixture?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where each retains its own properties. Mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

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Define homogeneous mixture.

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A homogeneous mixture is a mixture that has a uniform composition throughout. Examples include saltwater and air.

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Define heterogeneous mixture.

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A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture that does not have a uniform composition. Examples include salad and sand in water.

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What is an element?

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An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. Examples include oxygen (O) and gold (Au).

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What is a compound?

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A compound is a pure substance formed when two or more elements chemically combine in a fixed ratio. Examples include water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

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What is matter?

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Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

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What is filtration?

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Filtration is a separation technique used to separate solids from liquids or gases using a filter.

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What is distillation?

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Distillation is a separation process that involves heating a liquid to create vapor and then cooling the vapor to create a liquid, used to separate mixtures based on boiling points.

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What is evaporation?

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Evaporation is the process of turning from liquid into vapor, often used to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid.