Biology EOC Review Day 2 - Replication & Genetics/Heredity

Front

What determines the individuality of an organism?

Back

The individuality of an organism is determined by the sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Front

What is the expected phenotype percentage of offspring when two heterozygous tall pea plants are crossed?

Back

75% of the offspring would be expected to have the same phenotype as the parents.

Front

What describes DNA after replication?

Back

After replication, there are two molecules, each with one original strand and one new strand.

Front

What carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis.

Front

What is a common cause of mutations in DNA?

Back

The insertion of a nucleotide into DNA can cause a mutation.

Front

Define DNA replication.

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, representing the alleles inherited from its parents.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?

Back

Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype even if only one allele is present, while recessive traits are expressed only when two recessive alleles are present.