Thermal Energy

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What is thermal energy?

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Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, which is related to its temperature.

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How does kinetic energy relate to temperature?

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The more kinetic energy an object has, the higher its temperature.

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In which state of matter do molecules move the fastest?

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In the gas state, molecules move the fastest.

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What happens to molecules in a solid state?

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In a solid, molecules vibrate in place but do not change positions relative to each other.

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What is convection?

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Convection is a process of heat transfer in which warmer and cooler fluids move due to differences in density.

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How does heat flow between objects?

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Heat always flows spontaneously from a hotter object to a cooler one.

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What is conduction?

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Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials.

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What is radiation?

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Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as light.

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What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?

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Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles, while thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all particles in a substance.

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What is absolute zero?

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Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which all molecular motion stops, equivalent to 0 Kelvin or -273.15°C.

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