Mendelian Genetics Review

Front

What does genotype refer to?

Back

The possible combination of alleles in a gene.

Front

What genotypes would produce yellow bodies in sheep where Y is dominant over y?

Back

YY, Yy.

Front

In sheep, if a mother with genotype Aa and a father with genotype Aa produce an offspring, what is the probability of an offspring with no belly fur?

Back

25%.

Front

How many alleles does an offspring receive from each parent to determine a specific trait?

Back

One.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

The physical expression of a gene.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their trait even if only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

Front

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

Back

To predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from parental crosses.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Having two identical alleles for a specific gene.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Having two different alleles for a specific gene.

Front

What is the significance of Mendel's law of segregation?

Back

It states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other.