DNA Replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

How do nitrogenous bases pair in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and cytosine pairs with guanine (C-G) through hydrogen bonds.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures accurate DNA replication and helps maintain the genetic code.

Front

What is a replication fork?

Back

A replication fork is the area where the DNA double helix is unwound and separated into two single strands during replication.

Front

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix, separating the two strands to allow replication to occur.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the leading strand in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.