Midterm Review pt. 2 | Honors Physics

Front

What is Newton's First Law of Motion?

Back

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Front

Define kinetic energy.

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

Back

The total energy in a closed system remains constant; energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Front

Explain the concept of momentum.

Back

Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity, represented as p = mv. It is a vector quantity.

Front

What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

Back

Gravitational potential energy (PE) is calculated as PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

Front

Define work in physics.

Back

Work is done when a force causes an object to move, calculated as Work = Force x Distance x cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

Front

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Back

Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object is moving, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.

Front

What is an example of an unbalanced force?

Back

An example of an unbalanced force is when a person pushes a stationary car, causing it to move. The force applied is greater than the opposing forces.

Front

What is the formula for calculating acceleration?

Back

Acceleration (a) is calculated as a = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.

Front

Define friction.

Back

Friction is the force that opposes the motion of an object in contact with another surface, acting parallel to the surfaces in contact.