Understanding Null and Alternative Hypotheses

Front

What is a null hypothesis?

Back

A statement that there is no effect or difference in a statistical test.

Front

What is an alternative hypothesis?

Back

A statement that there is a significant effect or difference in a statistical test.

Front

Provide an example of a null hypothesis.

Back

There is no difference in the average test scores between two groups.

Front

Provide an example of an alternative hypothesis.

Back

The average test score of students taught with method A is higher than those taught with method B.

Front

What does a p-value less than 0.05 indicate?

Back

It indicates that we reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?

Back

To determine whether there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What does it mean to reject the null hypothesis?

Back

It means that the data provides sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What is the significance level in hypothesis testing?

Back

It is the threshold for determining whether to reject the null hypothesis, commonly set at 0.05.

Front

What is a Type I error?

Back

It occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when it is actually true.

Front

What is a Type II error?

Back

It occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected when it is actually false.