DNA, Genetics, & Pedigrees

Front

What is a homozygous dominant genotype?

Back

A homozygous dominant genotype consists of two identical dominant alleles (e.g., MM).

Front

What is a homozygous recessive genotype?

Back

A homozygous recessive genotype consists of two identical recessive alleles (e.g., rr).

Front

What happens during DNA transcription to RNA?

Back

During transcription, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) in RNA.

Front

How do you determine the number of individuals in a pedigree's generation?

Back

Count the number of symbols representing individuals in that generation.

Front

What does the genotype 2 Yy: 2 yy: 0 YY represent?

Back

This represents a genetic cross where there are 2 heterozygous (Yy) and 2 homozygous recessive (yy) offspring, with no homozygous dominant (YY) offspring.

Front

Define genotype.

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, specifically the alleles present.

Front

Define phenotype.

Back

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an individual, influenced by genotype and environment.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their trait even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

Front

What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the genetic relationships and inheritance patterns within a family.

Front

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.