Acids & Bases

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H⁺) in a chemical reaction, typically resulting in a sour taste and the ability to turn blue litmus paper red.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H⁺) or donates hydroxide ions (OH^-) in a chemical reaction, usually resulting in a bitter taste and the ability to turn red litmus paper blue.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is a conjugate acid?

Back

A conjugate acid is the species formed when a base gains a proton (H⁺).

Front

What is a conjugate base?

Back

A conjugate base is the species that remains after an acid donates a proton (H⁺).

Front

What is the Bronsted-Lowry theory?

Back

The Bronsted-Lowry theory defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors.

Front

What happens when an acid dissolves in water?

Back

When an acid dissolves in water, it produces hydronium ions (H₃O⁺).

Front

What happens when a base dissolves in water?

Back

When a base dissolves in water, it produces hydroxide ions (OH^-).

Front

What is the difference between strong and weak acids?

Back

Strong acids completely dissociate in water, while weak acids only partially dissociate.

Front

What is the difference between strong and weak bases?

Back

Strong bases completely dissociate in water, while weak bases only partially dissociate.