Mendelian Genetics

Front

What are homologous chromosomes?

Back

Chromosomes that carry genes that code for the same products, such as hemoglobin or eye pigment.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

The gene makeup of an organism for a particular trait.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is homozygous?

Back

An organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.

Front

What does it mean if an organism is heterozygous?

Back

An organism that has two different alleles for a particular trait.

Front

What is the principle of dominance?

Back

In a heterozygous genotype, one allele may mask the expression of another allele.

Front

What is an allele?

Back

One of the different forms of a gene that can exist at a single locus.

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio in a monohybrid cross?

Back

The expected phenotype ratio is typically 3:1 for dominant to recessive traits.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

Front

What is the significance of the F1 generation?

Back

The first generation of offspring from a cross of two parental organisms.